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Current State of Nutrition Education in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Fellowship Programs in the United States and Canada
Conclusions: Nutrition education was reported as highly underrepresented in pediatric critical care medicine fellowship curricula. The majority of programs rely on allied health care professionals to prescribe parenteral nutrition, which may influence trainee independence in the provision of nutritional therapies. Improving the format of current nutrition curriculums, by relying on more active teaching methods, may improve the delivery and efficacy of nutrition education. The impact of novel training interventions on improving the competency and safety of enteral and parenteral nutrition delivery in the PICU must be further examined.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - September 1, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Online Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Primary Care Physicians Can Comprehensively Manage Sleep Apnea Patients: A Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.
CONCLUSION: In-hospital management is not necessary for approximately half of patients with a low to high OSA suspicion. Given the clear economic advantage of outpatient management, this finding could change established clinical practice. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID NCT02141165. PMID: 29664672 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - April 17, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sánchez-Quiroga MÁ, Corral J, Gómez-de-Terreros FJ, Carmona-Bernal C, Asensio-Cruz MI, Cabello M, Martínez-Martínez MÁ, Egea CJ, Ordax E, Barbe F, Barca J, Masa JF, Collaborating group (Spanish Sleep Network) and Collaborating Primary Care group Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Effect of fat-based versus carbohydrate-based enteral feeding on glycemic control in critically ill patients: A randomized clinical trial
Conclusion: High-fat diets have no preventive effect on stress hyperglycemia. High monounsaturated fat diet may increase serum HDL-cholesterol level and decrease the length of stay in ICU.
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - August 14, 2017 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Mahdieh Nourmohammadi Omid Moradi Moghadam Mohammad Niakan Lahiji Sevak Hatamian Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi Source Type: research

Pressure ulcer and nutrition
Seied Hadi Saghaleini, Kasra Dehghan, Kamran Shadvar, Sarvin Sanaie, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Zohreh OstadiIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(4):283-289Pressure ulcers can diminish global life quality, contribute to rapid mortality in some patients and pose a significant cost to health-care organizations. Accordingly, their prevention and management are highly important. Nutritional deprivation and insufficient dietary intake are the key risk factors for the development of pressure ulcers and impaired wound healing. Unplanned weight loss is a major risk factor for malnutrition and pressure ulcer development. Suboptim...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - April 18, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Seied Hadi Saghaleini Kasra Dehghan Kamran Shadvar Sarvin Sanaie Ata Mahmoodpoor Zohreh Ostadi Source Type: research

Nutrition management of acute postliver transplant recipients
Conclusion: There are scant data on nutrition management in acute post-LT phase. The present study provides the framework for the formulation of continuous, patient-centric, aggressive nutrition management interventions for acute post-LT recipients.
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - November 19, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Neha Bakshi Kalyani Singh Source Type: research

Omega-3 and Omega-6 Intake Modifies Asthma Severity and Response to Indoor Air Pollution in Children.
CONCLUSIONS: Omega-3 and omega-6 intake are associated with pediatric asthma morbidity, and may modify the asthmatic response to indoor PM. PMID: 30922077 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 28, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Brigham EP, Woo H, McCormack M, Rice J, Koehler K, Vulcain T, Wu T, Koch A, Sharma S, Kolahdooz F, Bose S, Hanson C, Romero K, Diette G, Hansel NN Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Muscle Protein Synthesis Following Protein Administration in Critical Illness
Conclusion The capacity for critically ill patients to use ingested protein for muscle protein synthesis is markedly blunted despite relatively normal protein digestion and amino acid absorption.PMID:35584344 | DOI:10.1164/rccm.202112-2780OC
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 18, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lee-Anne S Chapple Imre W K Kouw Matthew J Summers Luke M Weinel Samuel Gluck Eamon Raith Peter Slobodian Stijn Soenen Adam M Deane Luc J C van Loon Marianne J Chapman Source Type: research

Catabolism in Critical Illness: A Reanalysis of the REducing Deaths due to OXidative Stress (REDOXS) Trial*
CONCLUSIONS: The catabolic phenotype measured by increased urea-to-creatinine ratio is associated with increased risk of death during prolonged ICU stay and signals the deleterious effects of glutamine administration in the REDOXS study. Urea-to-creatinine ratio is a promising catabolic signature and potential interventional target.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - June 24, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

The Role of Weight Management in the Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
CONCLUSIONS: Weight-loss interventions, especially comprehensive lifestyle interventions, are associated with improvements in OSA severity, cardiometabolic comorbidities, and quality of life. The American Thoracic Society recommends that clinicians regularly assess weight and incorporate weight management strategies that are tailored to individual patient preferences into the routine treatment of adult patients with OSA who are overweight or obese. PMID: 30215551 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - September 15, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hudgel DW, Patel SR, Ahasic AM, Bartlett SJ, Bessesen DH, Coaker MA, Fiander PM, Grunstein RR, Gurubhagavatula I, Kapur VK, Lettieri CJ, Naughton MT, Owens RL, Pepin JD, Tuomilehto H, Wilson KC, American Thoracic Society Assembly on Sleep and Respiratory Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Bioelectrical Impedance Measurements for Assessment of Kidney Function in Critically Ill Patients
Conclusions: Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements can be used to predict creatinine/urea clearance based on 24 hours urine collection with superior performance than currently established prediction models. This rapid, noninvasive method enables correction for influences of a patient’s actual body composition and may prove valuable in daily clinical practice.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - November 16, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Measured and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in the ICU: A Prospective Study
Conclusions: All known estimated glomerular filtration rate equations displayed high biases and unacceptable errors when compared with measured glomerular filtration rate in a mixed ICU population, with the lowest performance related to creatinine-based equations compared with cystatin C. In the ICU, we advocate for caution when using creatinine based estimated glomerular filtration rate equations. Drifting of serum creatinine levels over time should also be taken into consideration when assessing renal function in the ICU.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - November 22, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Early Origins of Asthma: Role of Microbial Dysbiosis and Metabolic Dysfunction.
Abstract Asthma is a developmental disease that affects airway growth and is characterized by inappropriate responses to a variety of environmental stimuli. Recent advances point to two altered early life pathways as major determinants of asthma risk. In the "microbial" pathway, pre- and post-natal exposures to microbiota-loaded farm environments block gene-virus interactions (e.g., interactions between risk alleles in chromosome 17q21 and lower respiratory illnesses [LRI] by rhinovirus) that are associated with asthma development. Early colonization of the airway by pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococci and Mo...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - October 19, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Martinez FD, Guerra S Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research